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Lecturer(s)
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Černík Julius, MVDr. Ph.D.
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Škorič Miša, doc. MVDr. Ph.D.
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Frgelecová Lucia, MVDr. Ph.D.
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Putnová Barbora, MVDr.
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Švehlová Anna, MVDr.
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Angelová Aneta, MVDr.
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Course content
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Lectures: Introduction to the study of pathological morphology: Methods of pathology. Basic concepts. Pathogenesis of cell damage - reversibility and irreversibility. Adaptation processes of cells and tissues Regressive processes: Dystrophy - disorders of protein metabolism. Regressive processes: Dystrophy - disorders of lipid, carbohydrate metabolism, auxiliary mechanisms of metabolism. Regressive processes: Dystrophy - pathological pigmentation and calcification. Apoptosis. Necrosis. Death. Postmortal changes General and local disorders of blood and lymph circulation - morphological manifestations Inflammation: Pathogenesis. Forms of inflammation. Macroscopic and microscopic manifestations of acute and chronic inflammation General oncology, pseudotumorous lesions, tumour definition, pathogenesis, histogenesis, terminology. Morphological and biological features of tumours Practical lessons: 1. Principles of work safety in the autopsy room. Disinfection. Protective equipment. Instrumentarium. Necropsy meaning. Methods of autopsy technique - small and large animals. Sampling for laboratory examination 2. Introduction to histopathology. Sampling for histopathological examination. Biopsy x Necropsy. Microscopic image of dystrophy and pathological pigmentation 3. Purpose of the autopsy. Methods of autopsy technique - external inspection. Description of tissues, organs and the nature of the lesions. Postmortem changes 4. Histopathology of mineralization, apoptosis and necrosis 5. Methods of autopsy technique - internal examination. Description of tissues, organs and the nature of the lesions. Description and character of focal lesions. Removal of organs 6. Histopathology of necrosis, atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, dysplasia, anaplasia and neoplasia 7. Methods of autopsy technique 8. Histopathology of blood circulation disorders 9. Methods of autopsy technique 10. Histopathology of acute inflammation 11. Methods of autopsy technique 12. Histopathology of chronic inflammation 13. Methods of autopsy technique 14. Consultations, credits
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lectures, Laboratory and desk-based work
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Learning outcomes
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Pathology is the science of disease. It studies structural and functional changes in cells, tissues and organs caused by injurious stimuli. This semester is dedicated to the study of the basic reaction of cells and tissues to injury, and general patterns of development of pathological processes. In practical classes, students adopt methods and techniques of necropsy in important species of small and large animals. Students learn to describe morphological changes in organs and tissues. In histopathology classes, students learn basic pathological processes consequential to the lecture topics.
1. The student is able to describe and explain the etiology and pathogenesis of basic pathological processes at the level of structural and functional changes of cells, tissues and organs (adaptation, dystrophy, cell death, circulatory disorders, inflammation, oncology). 2. The student manages the autopsy technique and can perform basic autopsy examinations. The student is able to describe the changed organs and tissues, collect tissue samples for further follow-up examinations, can manipulate the samples, fix them correctly or further process and store them. The student is able to microscopically diagnose basic pathological processes in histological specimens. 3. The student is competent to independently perform basic postmortem (autopsy) examinations, recognize, interpret and record detected pathomorphological changes.
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Prerequisites
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unspecified
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Written credit test, Practical credit test
Credit requirements: - Fulfilment of qualifying requirements, a written test in the semester, oral examination
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Recommended literature
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CHeville, N.F. Introduction to Veterinary Pathology. Iowa State University Press, 1999. ISBN 0-8138-2496-6.
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M.Donald McGavin - James F.Zachary. Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease. MOSBY Elsevier, 2007. ISBN 13:978-0323-02870.
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